AsSalam Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakaatuhu
Short Description of the Eid Prayer and the Eid Khutbah
From Islamic Newsletter 'As-Sunnah' Issue no: 10, Compiled by Sister Shawana A. Aziz
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said: "Let the free women, the virgins, and the menstruating women attend the Eid prayer, and witness the good and the supplications of the believers. As for the menstruating women, they should stay away from the Musallah (i.e.. should not participate in the prayer itself)." [Saheeh al-Bukharee and Saheeh Muslim]
A short description of the Eid Prayer
1 - The Eid Salaah consists of two Raka'ahs. Umar (radhi allahu anhu) said: "The traveler's prayer is two raka'ah; the Adha prayer is two Raka'ah; and the Jumuah prayer is two Rak'ah; this is their full length as came from the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam)." [(saheeh) Musnad Ahmad, Nisa'ee, Baihaqee and others]
2 - The Eid Salaah is not preceded by the adhan (the call to announce the prayer time) or Iqamah (the call to start prayer). Jabir bin Samurah (radhi allahu anhu) said: "I prayed the Eid prayer with Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam), on more than one occasion, without adhan or Iqamah." [Saheeh Muslim]
3 - No Sunnah prayer may precede or follow the Eid prayer, except if it is performed in a Masjid instead of a Musallah, in which case one must pray two raka'hs before sitting down. Ibn Abbas (radhi allahu anhu) reported: "The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) went out (of his house) on the day of Fitr, prayed two raka'hs and did not pray before or after it." [Zaad al-Maad (2/443)]
4 - Like any other deed in Islam, the prayer must be preceded with a true intention of worshiping Allah alone in the heart.
5 - The first raka'h (one prayer unit) is initiated with Takbeer al-ihram, followed by the opening supplication.
6 - Then followed by seven Takbeers in the first raka'h and five more in the second rak'ah. Aa'ishah (radhi allahu anha) said: "Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) would say Takbeer in both Fitr and Adha: seven in the first and five in the second, other than the two Takbeers of Ruku (bowing)." [(Saheeh) - Abu Dawood (1150) and others]
7 - After the Takbeer one should recite Ta'awwuth - 'A'uthu billahi min ash-Shaytaan ir-Rajeem' meaning "I seek refuge in Allah from the outcast devil" and Basmallah 'Bismillah ar-Rahmaan ar-Raheem' meaning 'In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.'
8 - Followed by the recitation of Soorah al-Fatihah
9 - Then, the recitation of Soorah al-Qaaf in the first raka'h and the Soorah al-Qamar in the second - OR - Soorah al-Alaa in the first and Soorah al-Ghashiyah in the second. Ibn al-Qayyim (rahimahullah) said: "Both of these have been authentically reported from the action of the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam), nothing else is authentic." [Zaad al-Maad (1/443)] Note: Reciting a Soorah different from the ones mentioned above will too complete the prayer. The remainder of the prayer is performed in the same manner as any other prayer, without any difference.
The Eid Khutbah:
The Sunnah of the Eid Khutbah is that it should be delivered after the Eid Salaah. Ibn Abbas (radhi allahu anhu) said: "I attended the Eid with Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam), Abu Bakr (radhi allahu anhu) Umar (radhi allahu anhu) and Uthman (radhi allahu anahu); all of them would pray before the Khutbah." [Saheeh al-Bukharee]
Listening to the Eid Khutbah is not wajib , Abdullah bin as-Sa'ib (radhi allahu anhu) reported that he attended the Eid prayer with the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam); and when he (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) finished the prayer, he said: "We shall have a Khutbah; so let whoever wishes to sit for the Khutbah do so, and whoever wishes to leave, may leave." [(saheeh) Abu Dawood)]
If the Eid falls on a Friday, it becomes optional for men to attend the Jumu'ah prayer. Abu Hurayrah (radhi allahu anhu) reported that on such occurrence, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said: "Two Eids have coincided on this day of yours; thus whoever wishes, is exempted from attending the Jumu'ah prayer. Yet, we shall hold it." [Authenticated by Shaikh al-Albanee in Irwa ul-Ghalil]
It should be noted that if one does not attend the Jumu'ah prayer, then it becomes obligatory on him to offer the Dhuhr prayer.
E id celebrations are religious occasions, but the joy that occurs on the Eid, has made many people forget or become negligent of the Deen and Islamic regulations. Whilst enjoying and celebrating this great day of Eid one should avoid celebrating the Eid in a way similar to the Kuffar, who overstep Allah's boundaries when they rejoice. They indulge in various acts of disobedience, such as mingling of men and women, wearing improper clothes, dancing, listening to music, drinking alcohol etc. Also, Muslims must avoid performing unjustified practices and Bid'ahs, like spending the night preceding the Eid in extended worship, visiting the graves etc. Finally, We ask Allah to give us the correct understanding of His Deen and make all our worships sincerely for His Face. Ameen!
When to eat during the 'Eid Al Adha
The renowned scholar Ibn al-Qayyim said:
"...as for 'Eid-ul- 'Adhaa, then he (SAW) would not eat until he returned from the musallaa and he would eat from his sacrifice."45
The renowned scholar as-Shawkaanee 46 said:
"The wisdom behind delaying eating on the day of 'Adhaa, is because it is a day in which slaughtering and eating from the sacrifice has been legislated. Therefore it has been prescribed that the eating be from the sacrifice. This view was held by Ibn Qudaamah."47
45. Zaad-ul-Ma'aad (1/441).
46. In Nail-ul-Awtaar (3/357).
47. Refer to al- Mughunee (2/371).
The above is taken from The Rulings Concerning The Two Eids From The Purified Sunnah - Shaykh 'Ali Hasan 'Ali 'Abdul Hameed al-Halabi
__._,_.___
Takbeer in the 'Eids
Allaah, The Most High, says:
"(He wants you) to complete the same number (of days) and that must magnify Allaah (takbeer) for having guided you and so that you may be grateful to Him."34
Indeed it is established that the Prophet (SAW) used to emerge on the day of 'Eid-ul-Fitr and say the takbeer up until he reached the musallaa and up until he had performed the prayer. So when he had performed the prayer he stopped saying the takbeer.35
The scholar of hadeeth al-Albaanee said:
"This hadeeth contains evidence concerning the legality of what the Muslims are acting upon, from saying the takbeer aloud on the way to the musallaa; even though many Muslims have become negligent of this Sunnah to such an extent that it has nearly become a 'thing that was'......
From that which is appropriate to remind us of at this point, is that saying the takbeer aloud does not mean that it is permitted to say it in unison, as some people do. Likewise, all other supplications in which raising the voice has or has not been prescribed, then reciting the supplication in unison is not permissible. So be cautious of this and let us always focus our eyes upon the fact that the best guidance is the guidance of the Prophet (SAW)."36
Shaikh-ul-Islaam Ibn Taymeeyah was asked about the time when the takbeer should be recited during the 'Eids. So he replied:
"All praise be to Allaah. The most correct opinion with regard to reciting the takbeer is that which the majority of the Salaf, the jurists from amongst the Companions and its A'immah are upon, - that is to say the takbeer after every prayer from Fajr (Dawn) on the day of 'Arafah until the last day of Tashreeq. It is permitted for everyone to say the takbeer aloud when proceeding to the 'Eid prayer and this is agreed upon by the four Imaams."37
I say: His (may Allaah have mercy upon him) saying: After every prayer - in particular - is a matter for which there is no evidence. Rather the correct opinion is that it is at all times without particularisation.
This is inferred upon by the saying of al-Bukhaaree in the chapter on the two Eid's in his book as-Saheeh (2/461): "Chapter: Takbeer in the days of Mina and when proceeding to Arafah."
'Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) used to make takbeer in his tent in Mina such that the people in the masjid could hear him and so they would make takbeer and the people in the market would make takbeer such that Mina would resound with the takbeer.
Ibn Umar (may allaah be pleased with him) used to make takbeer in Mina on these days, after every prayer, while reclining on his couch, in his tent, in his gatherings and when walking all in these days.
Maimoonah (may Allaah be pleased with her) would make takbeer on the day of Nahr. The women used to make takbee, alongside with Abaan Ibn Uthmaan and 'Amr Ibn Abdul-Aziz during the nights of Thasreeq with the men in the masjid.
When Ibn 'Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) would leave (his house) on the morning of 'Eid-ul-Fitr and 'Adhaa and he would say the takbeer aloud until he reached the musallaa and then make tak beer until the Imaam came.38
The manner of saying takbeer has not been authentically reported in a hadeeth of the Prophet (SAW) from that which I know, but it has been reported from some of the Companions (may Allaah be pleased with them all).
Ibn Mas'ood used to say:
<<>>
(Allaah is the Greatest. Allaah is the Greatest. There is none who has the right to be worshipped except Allaah. Allaah is the Greatest. Allaah is the Greatest and to Allaah belongs all praise.)
Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) used to say: << (Allaah is the Greatest. Allaah is the Greatest. Allaah is the Greatest and to Allaah belongs all praise. Allaah is the Greatest and the Most Sublime. Allaah is the Greatest to that which He has guided us to.) Abdur-Razzaq transmits by the isnaad of Baihaqee in his book as Sunan al-Kubra (3/316)- with an authentic chain of narration - from Salmaan al-Khair (may Allaah Pleased with him): "Make takbeer of Allaah: Say: Allaahu-Akbar Allaahu-Akbar Allaahu-Akbar kabeera" However many of the lay Muslims have opposed this dhikr that is established upon the salaf by innovated dhikr and additions which have no basis at all. Thus Haafidh Ibn Hajr (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in Fath ul-Baaree (2/536): "indeed additions41 have been invented. on this day, which have no basis." References: 34. Al-Baqarah 2:185. 35. Reported by Ibn Abee Shaibah in Musannaf and Mahaamlee in Kitaab Salaatul 'Eidain with an authentic chain of narration but it is mursal. Nevertheless it has (some) supporting narrations that strengthen it. Refer to Silsilatul Ahaadeeth as Saheehah (170). The takbeer begins from the time of the proceeding out to the musallaa until the prayer. 36. Silsilatul Ahaudeeth as-Saheehah (1/121). 37. Majmoo al-Fataawaa (24/220) and refer to Subul-us-Salaam (2/71-72). 38. Reported by ad-Daaraqutnee and Ibn Abee Shaibah and others with an authentic chain of narration. Refer to Irwaa al-Ghaleel (650). 39. Reported by Ibn Abee Shaibah with an authentic chain of narration. 40. Reported by Baihaqee (3/315) and it has an authentic chain of narration. 41. Rather additions, after additions. The above is taken from The Rulings Concerning The Two Eids From The Purified Sunnah - Shaykh 'Ali Hasan 'Ali 'Abdul Hameed al-Halabi __._,_.___
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